архив
Ускорение запуска KDE
2007-03-15
Не секрет, что KDE слишком долго запускается - это является, наверное, самой главной причиной разговоров о его тормознутости, ведь работать в этой среде можно, притом вполне быстро и успешно. Почему так происходит? Выделю несколько причин:
- стартовый скрипт startkde;
- большое количество приложений, загружаемых в трей;
- службы, запускающиеся при старте KDE.
Что со всем этим делать? Кажется, понятно: скрипт startkde надо модифицировать, ненужные приложения из трея выкинуть, ненужные службы убрать из автозагрузки. Например, мне не нужен ни календарь, ни Klipper, которые запускались по умолчанию у меня. С ними сладить легко: правой кнопкой на иконку в трее, выйти и не запускаться при логине. Итак, из трея всё ненужное таким способом убрано (я оставил лишь klaptop - довольно полезная вещь).
Теперь отключим ненужные службы (Control Center -> KDE Components -> Service Manager). Синтаксис вроде бы прозрачный: внизу службы, которые запускаются при загрузке KDE, а вверху - те, которые запускаются после действия пользователя. Также можно изменить пункт KDE Performance (тоже находится в KDE Components): preloading поставить на 0 (чтобы Konqueror никогда не загружался в память при старте), а во вкладке System поставить галочку (перед этим обязательно прочитав, к чему это может привести =)). По пунктам меню есть довольно подробная помощь, так что можно ей воспользоваться. Заключительный аккорд: правим startkde (у меня он находится в /opt/kde/bin), найдя его с помощью либо find, либо простого whereis. Всё, касающееся шрифтов в этом скрипте я удалил (множественные mkfontdir'ы, rebuild шрифтов...). Больше никакого криминала я с ходу не нашёл :). Для того чтобы pacman при установке нового пакета kdebase не переписал этот файл, стоит прописать в /etc/pacman.conf этот файл в NoUpgrade). Приложу свой startkde:
#!/bin/sh
#
# DEFAULT KDE STARTUP SCRIPT ( KDE-3.5.6 )
#
# When the X server dies we get a HUP signal from xinit. We must ignore
it
# because we still need to do some cleanup.
trap 'echo GOT SIGHUP' HUP
# Check if a KDE session already is running
if kcheckrunning >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "KDE seems to be already running on this
display."
xmessage -geometry 500x100 "KDE seems to be already
running on this display." > /dev/null 2>/dev/null
exit 1
fi
# Set the background to plain grey.
# The standard X background is nasty, causing moire effects and
exploding
# people's heads. We use colours from the standard KDE palette for
those with
# palettised displays.
if test -z "$XDM_MANAGED" || echo "$XDM_MANAGED" | grep ",auto" >
/dev/null; then
xsetroot -solid "#000000"
fi
# we have to unset this for Darwin since it will screw up KDE's
dynamic-loading
unset DYLD_FORCE_FLAT_NAMESPACE
# in case we have been started with full pathname spec without being in
PATH
bindir=`echo "$0" | sed -n 's,^\(/.*\)/[^/][^/]*$,\1,p'`
if [ -n "$bindir" ]; then
case $PATH in
$bindir|$bindir:*|*:$bindir|*:$bindir:*) ;;
*) PATH=$bindir:$PATH; export PATH;;
esac
fi
# Boot sequence:
#
# kdeinit is used to fork off processes which improves memory usage
# and startup time.
#
# * kdeinit starts the dcopserver and klauncher first.
# * Then kded is started. kded is responsible for keeping the sycoca
# database up to date. When an up to date database is
present it goes
# into the background and the startup continues.
# * Then kdeinit starts kcminit. kcminit performs initialisation of
# certain devices according to the user's settings
#
# * Then ksmserver is started which takes control of the rest of the
startup sequence
# The user's personal KDE directory is usually ~/.kde, but this setting
# may be overridden by setting KDEHOME.
kdehome=$HOME/.kde
test -n "$KDEHOME" && kdehome=`echo "$KDEHOME"|sed
"s,^~/,$HOME/,"`
# see kstartupconfig source for usage
mkdir -m 700 -p $kdehome
mkdir -m 700 -p $kdehome/share
mkdir -m 700 -p $kdehome/share/config
cat >$kdehome/share/config/startupconfigkeys <<EOF
kcminputrc Mouse cursorTheme ''
kcminputrc Mouse cursorSize ''
kpersonalizerrc General FirstLogin true
ksplashrc KSplash Theme Default
kcmrandrrc Display ApplyOnStartup false
kcmrandrrc [Screen0]
kcmrandrrc [Screen1]
kcmrandrrc [Screen2]
kcmrandrrc [Screen3]
kcmfonts General forceFontDPI 0
EOF
kstartupconfig
if test $? -ne 0; then
xmessage -geometry 500x100 "Could not start
kstartupconfig. Check your installation."
fi
. $kdehome/share/config/startupconfig
# XCursor mouse theme needs to be applied here to work even for kded or
ksmserver
if test -n "$kcminputrc_mouse_cursortheme" -o -n
"$kcminputrc_mouse_cursorsize" ; then
kapplymousetheme "$kcminputrc_mouse_cursortheme"
"$kcminputrc_mouse_cursorsize"
if test $? -eq 10; then
export XCURSOR_THEME=default
elif test -n "$kcminputrc_mouse_cursortheme"; then
export
XCURSOR_THEME="$kcminputrc_mouse_cursortheme"
fi
if test -n "$kcminputrc_mouse_cursorsize"; then
export
XCURSOR_SIZE="$kcminputrc_mouse_cursorsize"
fi
fi
if test "$kcmrandrrc_display_applyonstartup" = "true"; then
# 4 screens is hopefully enough
for scrn in 0 1 2 3; do
args=
width="\$kcmrandrrc_screen${scrn}_width" ; eval "width=$width"
height="\$kcmrandrrc_screen${scrn}_height" ; eval "height=$height"
if test -n "${width}" -a -n
"${height}"; then
args="$args -s ${width}x${height}"
fi
refresh="\$kcmrandrrc_screen${scrn}_refresh" ; eval "refresh=$refresh"
if test -n "${refresh}"; then
args="$args -r ${refresh}"
fi
rotation="\$kcmrandrrc_screen${scrn}_rotation" ; eval
"rotation=$rotation"
if test -n "${rotation}";
then
case
"${rotation}" in
0)
args="$args -o 0"
;;
90)
args="$args -o 1"
;;
180)
args="$args -o 2"
;;
270)
args="$args -o 3"
;;
esac
fi
reflectx="\$kcmrandrrc_screen${scrn}_reflectx" ; eval
"reflectx=$reflectx"
if test "${refrectx}" =
"true"; then
args="$args -x"
fi
reflecty="\$kcmrandrrc_screen${scrn}_reflecty" ; eval
"reflecty=$reflecty"
if test "${refrecty}" =
"true"; then
args="$args -y"
fi
if test -n "$args"; then
xrandr $args
fi
done
fi
dl=$DESKTOP_LOCKED
unset DESKTOP_LOCKED # Don't want it in the environment
# Launch splash that doesn't need any KDE libraries here, before
# KDE libraries are loaded into memory (which may take some time
# with cold caches). Makes the splash appear sooner.
# If kpersonalizer needs to be run splash will be started only later.
if test -z "$dl" && test "$kpersonalizerrc_general_firstlogin"
!= "true"; then
case "$ksplashrc_ksplash_theme" in
Simple)
ksplashsimple
;;
*)
;;
esac
fi
if test "$kcmfonts_general_forcefontdpi" -eq 120; then
xrdb -quiet -merge -nocpp <<EOF
Xft.dpi: 120
EOF
elif test "$kcmfonts_general_forcefontdpi" -eq 96; then
xrdb -quiet -merge -nocpp <<EOF
Xft.dpi: 96
EOF
fi
# Source scripts found in <localprefix>/env/*.sh and
<prefixes>/env/*.sh
# (where <localprefix> is $KDEHOME or ~/.kde, and
<prefixes> is where KDE is installed)
#
# This is where you can define environment variables that will be
available to
# all KDE programs, so this is where you can run agents using e.g. eval
`ssh-agent`
# or eval `gpg-agent --daemon`.
# Note: if you do that, you should also put "ssh-agent -k" as a
shutdown script
#
# (see end of this file).
# For anything else (that doesn't set env vars, or that needs a window
manager),
# better use the Autostart folder.
exepath=`kde-config --path exe | tr : '\n'`
for prefix in `echo "$exepath" | sed -n -e 's,/bin[^/]*/,/env/,p'`; do
for file in "$prefix"*.sh; do
test -r "$file" && . "$file"
done
done
# Set a left cursor instead of the standard X11 "X" cursor, since I've
heard
# from some users that they're confused and don't know what to do. This
is
# especially necessary on slow machines, where starting KDE takes one
or two
# minutes until anything appears on the screen.
#
# If the user has overwritten fonts, the cursor font may be different
now
# so don't move this up.
#
xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr
# Link "tmp" resource to directory in /tmp
# Creates a directory /tmp/kde-$USER and links $KDEHOME/tmp-$HOSTNAME
to it.
lnusertemp tmp >/dev/null
# Link "socket" resource to directory in /tmp
# Creates a directory /tmp/ksocket-$USER and links
$KDEHOME/socket-$HOSTNAME to it.
lnusertemp socket >/dev/null
# Link "cache" resource to directory in /var/tmp
# Creates a directory /var/tmp/kdecache-$USER and links
$KDEHOME/cache-$HOSTNAME to it.
lnusertemp cache >/dev/null
# In case of dcop sockets left by a previous session, cleanup
dcopserver_shutdown
echo 'startkde: Starting up...' 1>&2
# run KPersonalizer before the session, if this is the first login
if test "$kpersonalizerrc_general_firstlogin" = "true"; then
# start only dcopserver, don't start whole kdeinit
(takes too long)
echo 'startkde: Running kpersonalizer...'
1>&2
dcopserver
kwin --lock &
kpersonalizer --before-session
# handle kpersonalizer restarts (language change)
while test $? -eq 1; do
kpersonalizer --r
--before-session
done
dcopquit kwin
dcopserver_shutdown --wait
fi
if test -z "$dl"; then
# the splashscreen and progress indicator
case "$ksplashrc_ksplash_theme" in
None)
;; # nothing
Simple)
if test
"$kpersonalizerrc_general_firstlogin" = "true"; then
ksplashsimple
fi # otherwise started earlier
;;
*)
ksplash --nodcop
;;
esac
fi
# Mark that full KDE session is running (e.g. Konqueror preloading
works only
# with full KDE running). The KDE_FULL_SESSION property can be detected
by
# any X client connected to the same X session, even if not launched
# directly from the KDE session but e.g. using "ssh -X", kdesu.
$KDE_FULL_SESSION
# however guarantees that the application is launched in the same
environment
# like the KDE session and that e.g. KDE utilities/libraries are
available.
# KDE_FULL_SESSION property is also only available since KDE 3.5.5.
# The matching tests are:
# For $KDE_FULL_SESSION:
# if test -n "$KDE_FULL_SESSION"; then ...
whatever
# For KDE_FULL_SESSION property:
# xprop -root | grep "^KDE_FULL_SESSION"
>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
# if test $? -eq 0; then ... whatever
#
KDE_FULL_SESSION=true
export KDE_FULL_SESSION
xprop -root -f KDE_FULL_SESSION 8t -set KDE_FULL_SESSION true
# We set LD_BIND_NOW to increase the efficiency of kdeinit.
# kdeinit unsets this variable before loading applications.
LD_BIND_NOW=true start_kdeinit --new-startup +kcminit_startup
if test $? -ne 0; then
# Startup error
echo 'startkde: Could not start kdeinit. Check your
installation.' 1>&2
xmessage -geometry 500x100 "Could not start kdeinit. Check your
installation."
fi
# If the session should be locked from the start (locked autologin),
# lock now and do the rest of the KDE startup underneath the locker.
if test -n "$dl"; then
kwrapper kdesktop_lock --forcelock &
# Give it some time for starting up. This is somewhat unclean;
some
# notification would be better.
sleep 1
fi
# finally, give the session control to the session manager
# see kdebase/ksmserver for the description of the rest of the startup
sequence
# if the KDEWM environment variable has been set, then it will be used
as KDE's
# window manager instead of kwin.
# if KDEWM is not set, ksmserver will ensure kwin is started.
# kwrapper is used to reduce startup time and memory usage
# kwrapper does not return usefull error codes such as the exit code of
ksmserver.
# We only check for 255 which means that the ksmserver process could
not be
# started, any problems thereafter, e.g. ksmserver failing to
initialize,
# will remain undetected.
test -n "$KDEWM" && KDEWM="--windowmanager $KDEWM"
kwrapper ksmserver $KDEWM
if test $? -eq 255; then
# Startup error
echo 'startkde: Could not start ksmserver. Check your
installation.' 1>&2
xmessage -geometry 500x100 "Could not start ksmserver. Check
your installation."
fi
# wait if there's any crashhandler shown
while dcop | grep -q ^drkonqi- ; do
sleep 5
done
echo 'startkde: Shutting down...' 1>&2
# Clean up
kdeinit_shutdown
dcopserver_shutdown --wait
artsshell -q terminate
echo 'startkde: Running shutdown scripts...' 1>&2
# Run scripts found in $KDEDIRS/shutdown
for prefix in `echo "$exepath" | sed -n -e
's,/bin[^/]*/,/shutdown/,p'`; do
for file in `ls "$prefix" 2> /dev/null | egrep -v
'(~|\.bak)$'`; do
test -x "$prefix$file" && "$prefix$file"
done
done
unset KDE_FULL_SESSION
xprop -root -remove KDE_FULL_SESSION
echo 'startkde: Done.' 1>&2